Difference Between Inconel and Titanium
Inconel Vs Titanium
If you not sure which material would be most suitable for your application, here we’ve writtent the content with main features & material properties that differentiate Difference Between Inconel and Titanium.
Inconel
Inconel® is a registered trademark (of Special Metals Corporation) referring to a family of austenitic nickel-chromium super alloys. Inconel® is a material that is specifically optimized for some of the toughest use conditions to be found in manufacturing while Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It is a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength.
Inconel Material Specification
- Inconel 600
Solid solution strengthened. - Inconel 601
- Inconel 625
Acid resistant, good weldability. The LCF version is typically used in bellows. Ideal for hardware and components in the power, aerospace and chemical processing industries. Offered in sheet, plate, bar and forgings. - Inconel 718
Gamma double prime strengthened with good weldability. The preferred material for cryogenic storage tanks, turbines, downhole shafts and wellhead parts offered in sheet, plate and bar. - Inconel X750
Commonly used for gas turbine components, including blades, seals and rotors. - Inconel 907
- Inconel 909
- Inconel 706
- Inconel 617
- Inconel 751
Increased aluminium content for improved rupture strength in the 1600 °F range. - Inconel 792
Increased aluminium content for improved high temperature corrosion properties, used especially in gas turbines. - Inconel 939
Gamma prime strengthened to increase weldability. - Inconel 188
Readily fabricated for commercial gas turbine and aerospace applications. Offered in sheet, plate and bar. - Inconel 690
Low cobalt content for nuclear applications, and low resistivity. - Inconel 713C
Precipitation hardenable nickel-chromium base cast alloy. - Inconel 230
Inconel 230 Plate & Sheet mainly used by the power, aerospace, chemical processing and industrial heating industries, Aerospace Materials.
Inconel Composition
| Inconel | Element (% by mass) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni | Cr | Fe | Mo | Nb | Co | Mn | Cu | Al | Ti | Si | C | S | P | B | |
| 600 | 72.0 | 14.0–17.0 | 6.0–10.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | |||||||
| 617 | 44.2–56.0 | 20.0–24.0 | 3.0 | 8.0–10.0 | 10.0–15.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8–1.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 | |
| 625 | 58.0 | 20.0–23.0 | 5.0 | 8.0–10.0 | 3.15–4.15 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.015 | 0.015 | ||
| 690 | 59.5 | 30 | 9.2 | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.35 | 0.019 | 0.003 | ||||||
| 718 | 50.0–55.0 | 17.0–21.0 | balance | 2.8–3.3 | 4.75–5.5 | 1.0 | 0.35 | 0.2–0.8 | 0.65–1.15 | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 |
| X-750 | 70.0 | 14.0–17.0 | 5.0–9.0 | 0.7–1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4–1.0 | 2.25–2.75 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.01 | |||
Inconel alloys
Alloys of inconel include:
- Inconel 600: Solid solution strengthened
- Inconel 601
- Inconel 625: Acid resistant, good weldability. The LCF version is typically used in bellows.
- Inconel 690: Low cobalt content for nuclear applications, and low resistivity
- Inconel 713C: Precipitation hardenable nickel-chromium base cast alloy
- Inconel 718: Gamma double prime strengthened with good weldability
- Inconel 751: Increased aluminium content for improved rupture strength in the 1600 °F range
- Inconel 792: Increased aluminium content for improved high temperature corrosion properties, used especially in gas turbines
- Inconel 939: Gamma prime strengthened to increase weldability
Inconel Equivalent Grades
| STANDARD | WERKSTOFF NR. | UNS | GOST | AFNOR | JIS | BS | EN | OR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inconel 600 | 2.4816 | N06600 | МНЖМц 28-2,5-1,5 | NC15FE11M | NCF 600 | NA 13 | NiCr15Fe | ЭИ868 |
| Inconel 601 | 2.4851 | N06601 | XH60BT | NC23FeA | NCF 601 | NA 49 | NiCr23Fe | ЭИ868 |
| Inconel 617 | 2.4663 | N06617 | ||||||
| Inconel 625 | 2.4856 | N06625 | ХН75МБТЮ | NC22DNB4M | NCF 625 | NA 21 | NiCr22Mo9Nb | ЭИ602 |
| Inconel 690 | 2.4642 | N06690 | ||||||
| Inconel 718 | 2.4668 | N07718 | ||||||
| Inconel 725 | - | N07725 | ||||||
| Inconel X-750 | 2.4669 | N07750 |
Inconel Melting Point, Density and Tensile Strength
| Density | Melting Point | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Elongation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 600 | 8.47 g/cm3 | 1413 °C (2580 °F) | Psi – 95,000 , MPa – 655 | Psi – 45,000 , MPa – 310 | 40 % |
| 601 | 8.1 g/cm3 | 1411 °C (2571 °F) | Psi – 80,000 , MPa – 550 | Psi – 30,000 , MPa – 205 | 30 % |
| 617 | 8.3g/cm³ | 1363°C | ≥ 485 MPa | ≥ 275 MPa | 25 % |
| 625 | 8.4 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 135,000 , MPa – 930 | Psi – 75,000 , MPa – 517 | 42.5 % |
| 690 | 8.3g/cm³ | 1363°C | ≥ 485 MPa | ≥ 275 MPa | 25 % |
| 718 | 8.2 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 135,000 , MPa – 930 | Psi – 70,000 , MPa – 482 | 45 % |
| 725 | 8.31 g/cm3 | 1271°C-1343 °C | 1137 MPa | 827 MPa | 20 % |
| X-750 | 8.28 g/cm3 | 1430°C | 1267 MPa | 868 MPa | 25 % |
Titanium
| Titanium Grade 2 | Titanium Alloy | Inconel Grade 625 | Stainless Steel 321 | Stainless Steel 304 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature rating | 450°C | 800°C | 1100°C | 950°C | 860°C |
| Typical Weight/M 3" Tube | 1.28kg | 0.96-1.28kg | 1.00-1.40kg | 1.7-2.26kg | 2.26kg |
- Titanium is lighter
- Titanium is harder to mark and you will see less scratches.
- Inconel is a bit stiffer than Titanium
Advantages of Titanium
• Highest strength to weight ration of any metal
• High corrosion resistance
• High fatigue resistance
• Non-toxic
Disadvantages of Titanium
• Material stiffness not as good as aluminum alloys or carbon fiber
• Comparatively high cost
| Grade | Description |
| Titanium Grade 1 | Unalloyed titanium, low oxygen, low strength |
| Titanium Grade 2 | Unalloyed titanium, standard oxygen, medium strength |
| Titanium Grade 3 | Unalloyed titanium, medium oxygen, high strength |
| Titanium Grade 4 | Unalloyed titanium, high oxygen, extra high strength |
| Titanium Grade 5 | Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium) |
| Titanium Grade 7 | Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12% to 0.25% palladium, standard oxygen, medium strength |
| Titanium Grade 9 | Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 2.5% vanadium), high strength. Mainly aerospace applications |
| Titanium Grade 11 | Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12% to 0.25% palladium, low oxygen, low strength |
| Titanium Grade 12 | Titanium alloy (0.3% molybdenum, 0.8% nickel), high strength |
| Titanium Grade 13 | Titanium alloy (0.5% nickel, 0.05% ruthenium), low oxygen |
| Titanium Grade 14 | Titanium alloy (0.5% nickel, 0.05% ruthenium), standard oxygen |
| Titanium Grade 15 | Titanium alloy (0.5% nickel, 0.05% ruthenium), medium oxygen |
| Titanium Grade 16 | Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium, standard oxygen, medium strength |
| Titanium Grade 17 | Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium, low oxygen, low strength |
| Titanium Grade 18 | Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 2.5% vanadium plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium), |
| Titanium Grade 19 | Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 8% vanadium, 6% chromium, 4% zirconium, 4% molybdenum) |
| Titanium Grade 20 | Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 8% vanadium, 6% chromium, 4% zirconium, 4% molybdenum) plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium |
| Titanium Grade 21 | Titanium alloy (15% molybdenum, 3% aluminum, 2.7% niobium, 0.25% silicon) |
| Titanium Grade 23 | Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI) |
| Titanium Grade 24 | Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium) plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium |
| Titanium Grade 25 | Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium) plus 0.3% to 0.8% nickel and 0.04% to 0.08% palladium |
| Titanium Grade 26 | Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium, standard oxygen, medium strength |
| Titanium Grade 27 | Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium, low oxygen,low strength |
| Titanium Grade 28 | Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 2.5% vanadium) plus 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium |
| Titanium Grade 29 | Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium with extra low interstitial elements (ELI) plus 0.08% to 0.14% ruthenium |
Titanium & Titanium Alloys ASTM Specifications
| ASTM-F136-98e1 | Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy (UNSR56401) for Surgical Implant Applications |
| ASTM-F67-00 | Unalloyed Titanium for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R50250, UNS R50400, UNS R50550, UNS R50700) |
| ASTM-F1108-97a | Ti6AL4V Alloy Castings for Surgical Implants (UNS R56406) |
| ASTM-F-620-00 | Alpha Plus Beta Titanium Alloy Forgings for Surgical Implants |
| ASTM-F1472-99 | Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56400) |
| ASTM-F1341-99 | Unalloyed Titanium Wire UNS R50250, UNS R50400, UNS R50550, UNS R50700, for Surgical Implant Applications |
| ASTM-F1295-97a | Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-7 Niobium Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56700) |
| ASTM B265-99 | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate |
| ASTM-B299-99 | Titanium Sponge |
| ASTM-B338-99 | Seamless and Welded Titanium &Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers & Heat Exchangers |
| ASTM-B348-00 | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets |
| ASTM-B363-00 | Seamless and Welded Unalloyed Titanium & Titanium Alloy Welding Fittings |
| ASTM-B367-93 (1998) | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Castings |
| ASTM-B381-00 | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings |
| ASTM-B600-91 (1997)e1 | Standard Guide for Descaling and Cleaning Titanium & Titanium Alloy Surfaces |
| ASTM-B861-00 | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe |
| ASTM-B862-99 | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welded Pipe |
| ASTM-B863-99a | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Wire |
Titanium Hardness Conversion Table
| Brinell | Rockwell | Rockwell | Approximate Tensile | Brinell | Rockwell | Approximate Tensile |
| Hardness | B Scale | C Scale | Lbs. psi | Hardness | B Scale | lbs. psi. |
| 653 | - | 62 | 324,000 | 217 | 95 | 103,000 |
| 627 | - | 60 | 311,000 | 212 | 96 | 103,000 |
| 601 | - | 68 | 306,000 | 207 | 95 | 101,000 |
| 578 | - | 57 | 290,000 | 202 | 94 | 98,000 |
| 555 | - | 56 | 284,000 | 197 | 93 | 96,000 |
| 534 | - | 54 | 270,000 | 192 | 92 | 93,000 |
| 514 | - | 53 | 263,000 | 187 | 91 | 91,000 |
| 495 | - | 51 | 250,000 | 183 | 90 | 89,000 |
| 477 | - | 50 | 243,000 | 179 | 89 | 87,000 |
| 461 | - | 49 | 236,000 | 174 | 88 | 85,000 |
| 444 | - | 47 | 223,000 | 170 | 87 | 83,000 |
| 429 | - | 47 | 217,000 | 166 | 86 | 81,000 |
| 415 | - | 45 | 211,000 | 163 | 85 | 80,000 |
| 401 | - | 42 | 194,000 | 159 | 84 | 78,000 |
| 388 | - | 41 | 188,000 | 156 | 83 | 77,000 |
| 375 | - | 40 | 182,000 | 153 | 82 | 76,000 |
| 363 | - | 38 | 171,000 | 149 | 81 | 75,000 |
| 352 | - | 37 | 166,000 | 146 | 80 | 74,000 |
| 331 | - | 36 | 162,000 | 143 | 79 | 73,000 |
| 321 | - | 34 | 153,000 | 140 | 78 | 71,000 |
| 311 | - | 33 | 148,000 | 137 | 77 | 70,000 |
| 302 | - | 32 | 144,000 | 134 | 76 | 69,000 |
| 293 | - | 31 | 140,000 | 131 | 74 | 67,000 |
| 285 | - | 30 | 136,000 | 128 | 73 | 66,000 |
| 277 | - | 29 | 132,000 | 126 | 72 | 65,000 |
| 269 | - | 28 | 129,000 | 124 | 71 | 63,000 |
| 262 | - | 27 | 126,000 | 121 | 70 | 62,000 |
| 255 | - | 25 | 120,000 | 118 | 69 | 61,000 |
| 248 | - | 24 | 117,000 | 116 | 68 | 60,000 |
| 241 | 100 | 23 | 115,000 | 114 | 67 | 59,000 |
| 235 | 99 | 22 | 112,000 | 112 | 66 | 58,000 |
| 229 | 98 | 21 | 110,000 | 109 | 65 | 57,000 |
| 223 | 97 | 20 | 108,000 | 107 | 64 | 55,000 |
Titanium Gauge Conversion
| Gauge Numbers | US Standards | Gauge Numbers | US Standards |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.312 | 16 | 0.0625 |
| 1 | 0.281 | 17 | 0.0562 |
| 2 | 0.266 | 18 | 0.05 |
| 3 | 0.25 | 19 | 0.0438 |
| 4 | 0.234 | 20 | 0.0375 |
| 5 | 0.219 | 21 | 0.0344 |
| 6 | 0.203 | 22 | 0.0312 |
| 7 | 0.188 | 23 | 0.0281 |
| 8 | 0.172 | 24 | 0.025 |
| 9 | 0.156 | 25 | 0.0219 |
| 10 | 0.141 | 26 | 0.0188 |
| 11 | 0.125 | 27 | 0.0172 |
| 12 | 0.109 | 28 | 0.0156 |
| 13 | 0.0938 | 29 | 0.0141 |
| 14 | 0.0781 | 30 | 0.0125 |
| 15 | 0.0703 | ||
Titanium Equivalent Grades
| STANDARD | WERKSTOFF NR. | UNS |
| Titanium Gr 1 | 3.7025 | R50250 |
| Titanium Gr 2 | 3.7035 | R50400 |
| Titanium Gr 5 | 3.7165 | R56400 |
| Titanium Gr 7 | 3.7235 | R52400 |
| Titanium Gr 9 | 3.7195 | R56320 |
| Titanium Gr 12 | 3.7105 | R53400 |
Titanium Chemical Composition
| Grade | C | N | O | H | Ti | Fe |
| Titanium Gr 2 | 0.10 max | 0.03 max | 0.25 max | 0.015 max | bal | 0.30 max |
| Grade | C | N | O | H | Ti | Fe | V | Al |
| Titanium Gr 5 | 0.10 max | 0.05 max | 0.20 max | 0.015 max | bal | 0.30 max | 3.5-4.5 | 5.5-6.75 max |
| Grade | C | N | O | H | Ti | Fe |
| Titanium Gr 1 | .08 max | .03 max | .18 max | .015 max | bal | .20 max |
| Titanium Gr 4 | .08 max | .05 max | .40 max | .015 max | bal | .50 max |
| Titanium Gr 7 | .08 max | .03 max | .25 max | .015 max | bal | .30 max |
| Titanium Gr 9 | .08 max | .03 max | .15 max | .015 max | - | .25 max |
| Titanium Gr 12 | .08 max | .03 max | .25 max | 0.15 max | - | .30 max |
Titanium Hardness and Tensile Strength
| Grade | Min.Tensile(KSI) | Min.Yield(KSI) | Hardness | Tensile Modulus | Poisson's Ratio |
| Titanium Gr 2 | 50 | 40 | 14.9 | 103 GPa | 0.34-0.10 |
| Titanium Gr 5 | 130 | 120 | 16.4 | 114 GPa | 0.30-0.33 |
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