Difference Between Inconel and Incoloy
What is the Difference Between Inconel® and Incoloy®?
Although Inconel® and Incoloy® belong to the same family of superalloys, each possesses its own distinct properties, as well as sharing others. Also known as high-performance alloys, the superalloys in general provide high resistance to corrosion and oxidation, as well as mechanical strength at elevated temperatures.
The most fundamental of difference between them lies in their composition. Inconel®, predominantly of nickel-chrome, generally contains over 50% nickel, whereas Incoloyl®, a nickel-iron-chromium alloy, has less than 50% nickel content.
What are the Characteristics of Inconel?
- Good resistance to acids, such as sulfuric, phosphoric, nitric, and hydrochloric
- Almost completely free from chloride induced stress corrosion cracking
- Excellent mechanical properties at both extremely low and extremely high temperatures
- Outstanding resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion and intercrystalline corrosion
- High resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures
In what Applications are Inconel alloys used?
- Chemical and petrochemical processing
- Components where exposure to high mechanical stress and sea water are required
- Flare stacks on offshore oil platforms
- Gas turbines, rocket motors/engines, and space craft
- Pollution control equipment
- Nuclear reactors
On a more specific level, the major distinctions between the two are their applications and spheres of suitability.
Inconel®
Inconel®, when heated, forms a thick yet stable oxide layer that protects its outer surface from further attack. This makes it the ideal choice for extreme temperature and pressure applications, where steel and aluminum would succumb to thermal creep. Available in numerous grades, the Inconel® alloys exhibit shifting characteristics with slight variations in their chemistry.
In its more basic form, typical applications would include the food industry and heat treatment components. When alloyed with other elements, however, further strengthening and stiffening permits its use in the more demanding areas of the marine, aerospace and chemical processing industries. Alloyed to its peak performance, Inconel then becomes the material of choice in the most critical environments of turbine blades, rocket engines and key nuclear industry components.
Incoloy®
Incoloy®, with its higher ferrous content and correspondingly lower cost, make it the ideal material in elevated temperature, but less critical, applications. A further feature is its relative ease of fabrication, employing the same machines and processes used for stainless steel.
This alloy also comes in a variety of grades, whose emphasis is more on resistance to aggressive forms of corrosion, particularly in aqueous environments. Whereas a basic form of Incoloy will find widespread general use, further alloying with enhancing elements provides added resistance to chemical and environmental corrosion, as well as physical deterioration, such as surface pitting and cracking.
Excellent resistance to seawater, brine, sour gas and high chloride environments make it a popular choice in the oil and gas industries. The most specialized Incoloy® alloys, however, are widely used in the harshest chemical environments of all, involving among others, acids, wet scrubbing, nuclear fuel and the reactive atmospheres of furnaces.
Inconel
Inconel® is a registered trademark (of Special Metals Corporation) referring to a family of austenitic nickel-chromium super alloys. Inconel® is a material that is specifically optimized for some of the toughest use conditions to be found in manufacturing while Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It is a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength.
Inconel Material Specification
- Inconel 600
Solid solution strengthened. - Inconel 601
- Inconel 625
Acid resistant, good weldability. The LCF version is typically used in bellows. Ideal for hardware and components in the power, aerospace and chemical processing industries. Offered in sheet, plate, bar and forgings. - Inconel 718
Gamma double prime strengthened with good weldability. The preferred material for cryogenic storage tanks, turbines, downhole shafts and wellhead parts offered in sheet, plate and bar. - Inconel X750
Commonly used for gas turbine components, including blades, seals and rotors. - Inconel 907
- Inconel 909
- Inconel 706
- Inconel 617
- Inconel 751
Increased aluminium content for improved rupture strength in the 1600 °F range. - Inconel 792
Increased aluminium content for improved high temperature corrosion properties, used especially in gas turbines. - Inconel 939
Gamma prime strengthened to increase weldability. - Inconel 188
Readily fabricated for commercial gas turbine and aerospace applications. Offered in sheet, plate and bar. - Inconel 690
Low cobalt content for nuclear applications, and low resistivity. - Inconel 713C
Precipitation hardenable nickel-chromium base cast alloy. - Inconel 230
Inconel 230 Plate & Sheet mainly used by the power, aerospace, chemical processing and industrial heating industries, Aerospace Materials.
Inconel Composition
Inconel | Element (% by mass) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ni | Cr | Fe | Mo | Nb | Co | Mn | Cu | Al | Ti | Si | C | S | P | B | |
600 | 72.0 | 14.0–17.0 | 6.0–10.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | |||||||
617 | 44.2–56.0 | 20.0–24.0 | 3.0 | 8.0–10.0 | 10.0–15.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8–1.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 | |
625 | 58.0 | 20.0–23.0 | 5.0 | 8.0–10.0 | 3.15–4.15 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.015 | 0.015 | ||
690 | 59.5 | 30 | 9.2 | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.35 | 0.019 | 0.003 | ||||||
718 | 50.0–55.0 | 17.0–21.0 | balance | 2.8–3.3 | 4.75–5.5 | 1.0 | 0.35 | 0.2–0.8 | 0.65–1.15 | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 |
X-750 | 70.0 | 14.0–17.0 | 5.0–9.0 | 0.7–1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4–1.0 | 2.25–2.75 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.01 |
Inconel alloys
Alloys of inconel include:
- Inconel 600: Solid solution strengthened
- Inconel 601
- Inconel 625: Acid resistant, good weldability. The LCF version is typically used in bellows.
- Inconel 690: Low cobalt content for nuclear applications, and low resistivity
- Inconel 713C: Precipitation hardenable nickel-chromium base cast alloy
- Inconel 718: Gamma double prime strengthened with good weldability
- Inconel 751: Increased aluminium content for improved rupture strength in the 1600 °F range
- Inconel 792: Increased aluminium content for improved high temperature corrosion properties, used especially in gas turbines
- Inconel 939: Gamma prime strengthened to increase weldability
Inconel Equivalent Grades
STANDARD | WERKSTOFF NR. | UNS | GOST | AFNOR | JIS | BS | EN | OR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inconel 600 | 2.4816 | N06600 | МНЖМц 28-2,5-1,5 | NC15FE11M | NCF 600 | NA 13 | NiCr15Fe | ЭИ868 |
Inconel 601 | 2.4851 | N06601 | XH60BT | NC23FeA | NCF 601 | NA 49 | NiCr23Fe | ЭИ868 |
Inconel 617 | 2.4663 | N06617 | ||||||
Inconel 625 | 2.4856 | N06625 | ХН75МБТЮ | NC22DNB4M | NCF 625 | NA 21 | NiCr22Mo9Nb | ЭИ602 |
Inconel 690 | 2.4642 | N06690 | ||||||
Inconel 718 | 2.4668 | N07718 | ||||||
Inconel 725 | - | N07725 | ||||||
Inconel X-750 | 2.4669 | N07750 |
Inconel Melting Point, Density and Tensile Strength
Density | Melting Point | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Elongation | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
600 | 8.47 g/cm3 | 1413 °C (2580 °F) | Psi – 95,000 , MPa – 655 | Psi – 45,000 , MPa – 310 | 40 % |
601 | 8.1 g/cm3 | 1411 °C (2571 °F) | Psi – 80,000 , MPa – 550 | Psi – 30,000 , MPa – 205 | 30 % |
617 | 8.3g/cm³ | 1363°C | ≥ 485 MPa | ≥ 275 MPa | 25 % |
625 | 8.4 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 135,000 , MPa – 930 | Psi – 75,000 , MPa – 517 | 42.5 % |
690 | 8.3g/cm³ | 1363°C | ≥ 485 MPa | ≥ 275 MPa | 25 % |
718 | 8.2 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 135,000 , MPa – 930 | Psi – 70,000 , MPa – 482 | 45 % |
725 | 8.31 g/cm3 | 1271°C-1343 °C | 1137 MPa | 827 MPa | 20 % |
X-750 | 8.28 g/cm3 | 1430°C | 1267 MPa | 868 MPa | 25 % |
Incoloy
Incoloy refers to a range of superalloys produced by the Special Metals Corporation group of companies.
Incoloy Compositions (percentages)
Alloy name | Balance metal | Chromium | Aluminum | Titanium | Carbon | Yttrium oxide | Copper | Manganese | Cobalt | Nickel | Phosphorus | Silicon | Sulphur | Molybdenum | Nb+Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
020 | Fe (~40%) | 20 | n/p | n/p | <0.07 | n/p | 3.5 | <2.0 | n/p | 35 | <0.045 | <1.0 | <0.035 | 2.5 | about 1 |
DS | Fe (~40%) | 18 | n/p | 0.2 | 0.1 | nil | 0.5 | 0.8-1.5 | 18 (Co+Ni 38) | 18 (Co+Ni 38) | n/p | 2.3 | 0.03 | ||
MA956 | Fe (~75%) | 20 | 4.75 | 0.4 | <0.1 | 0.5 | <0.15 | <0.3 | <0.3 | <0.5 | <0.02 | n/p | n/p |
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